Ultrasonography of the testes will locate and delineate the size of the testicular lump.
Blood tests are taken for tumour markers comprising of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). CT scan of the chest, abdomen, pelvis and occasionally, the brain, is also performed to find out the extent of cancer.
Testicular cancers may be seminomas or non-seminomatous germ cell tumours, depending on what cell type is found at examination of the cancer under the microscope. An orchidectomy (removal of the testis) or biopsy is done to obtain the diagnosis.
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